Plan B

There are said to be side effects when attempting to be mature after being immature.  When using this emergency contraceptive product the female may have:

• Changes in her period
• Nausea
• Lower abdominal pain
• Fatigue
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Breast tenderness

The box tells the patient:  “…you may have an ectopic pregnancy and should get immediate medical attention. (http://planbonestep.com/where-to-get-plan-b.aspx, 2/26/2012)”

Lots of these FAQS could scare you.  Studies are being conducted periodically.

For example: one such study showed that the adjusted odds ratio for gallbladder disease comparing drospirenone and levonorgestrel OCs to nonexposure were 0.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7-1.1] and 1.0 (95% CI 0.9-1.1), respectively.  The research concluded, that there is no evidence in these data that drospirenone- or levonorgestrel-containing OC use confers an increased risk of gallbladder disease compared to women not currently exposed to an OC. Nor is use of drospirenone OCs associated with a higher risk of gallbladder disease than use of levonorgestrel-containing OCs. (Contraception. 2012 Feb 9. Drospirenone- and levonorgestrel-containing oral contraceptives and the risk of gallbladder disease.)

Another study demonstrated results from research aiming to examine the effect of COC usage on CYP3A4/5 activity in obese women.  Thirty-four, reproductive-aged (18-35 years old) obese (body mass. The methods utilized index, BMI >30 kg/m(2) ) women were placed on a combination oral contraceptive pill containing 20 mcg Ethinyl Estradiol/100 mcg Levonorgestrel for 21 days starting at the onset of menses. Midazolam pharmacokinetic study was conducted prior to initiation and after 21 days of COC treatment. Serial blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of midazolam were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimates using  Midazolam clearance, a surrogate measure of noncompartmental method. Results: CYP3A4/5 activity, was significantly decreased upon COC use (63.3L/hr vs. 53.9L/hr; p<0.05). A median decrease of 5.6 L/hr (C.I: -4.1 to 13.3 L/hr) was observed. However, the magnitude of change was similar to that reported in  Although we hypothesized that obesity exposure normal BMI women. Conclusions: might amplify the impact on CYP3A4/5 activity in COC users, we found that this was not the case. This finding is reassuring regarding potential additional drug-drug interactions in obese COC users as CYP3A4/5 is a major player in the metabolism of many marketed drugs.  (Effect of Ethinyl estradiol/ Levonorgestrel combined oral contraceptive on the activity of Cytochrome P4503A in obese women., Edelman A, Munar M, Elman MR, Koop D, Cherala G., Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Feb 2.)

Form an intelligent hypothesis.
Assimilate positive goals.